A Brief History of Unctad Essay

The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was built up in 1964 as a changeless intergovernmental body. It is the important organ of the United Nations General Assembly managing exchange, venture, and advancement issues. The organization’s objectives are to â€Å"maximize the exchange, speculation and improvement chances of creating nations and help them in their endeavors to into the world economy on a fair basis.† (from authentic site). The making of the gathering depended on worries of creating nations over the global market, worldwide partnerships, and incredible difference between created countries and creating countries. During the 1970s and 1980s, UNCTAD was firmly connected with the possibility of a New International Economic Order (NIEO). The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development was built up in 1964 so as to give a gathering where the creating nations could examine the issues identifying with their monetary turn of events. UNCTAD developed from the view that current foundations like GATT (presently supplanted by the World Trade Organization, WTO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and World Bank were not appropriately composed to deal with the specific issues of creating nations. The essential target of the UNCTAD is to define strategies identifying with all parts of advancement including exchange, help, transport, account and innovation. The Conference customarily meets once in four years. The principal gathering occurred in Geneva in 1964, second in New Delhi in 1968, the third in Santiago in 1972, fourth in Nairobi in 1976, the fifth in Manila in 1979, the 6th in Belgrade in 1983, the seventh in Geneva in 1987, the eighth in Cartagena in 1992 and the ninth at Johannesburg (South Africa)in 1996. The Conference has its changeless secretariat in Geneva. One of the chief accomplishments of UNCTAD has been to consider and execute the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP). It was contended in UNCTAD, that so as to advance fares of produced products from creating nations, it is important to offer extraordinary levy concessions to such fares. Tolerating this contention, the created nations defined the GSP Scheme under which manufacturers’ fares and some agrarian merchandise from the creating nations enter obligation free or at diminished rates in the created nations. Since imports of such things from other created nations are dependent upon the typical paces of obligations, imports of similar things from creating nations would appreciate an upper hand. At present, UNCTAD has 194 part States and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. UNCTAD has 400 staff individuals and a half-yearly (2010â€2011) ordinary spending plan of $138 million in center spending consumptions and $72 million in extra-budgetary specialized help reserves. It is additionally an individual from the United Nations Development Group.] There is a rundown of non-legislative associations taking an interest in the exercises of UNCTAD A Brief History of UNCTAD Page Image CaptionPage ContentFoundation * In the mid 1960s, developing worries about the spot of creating nations in universal exchange drove a large number of these nations to require the meeting of an undeniable gathering explicitly committed to handling these issues and recognizing suitable worldwide activities. * The main United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was held in Geneva in 1964. Given the extent of the issues in question and the need to address them, the gathering was systematized to meet at regular intervals, with intergovernmental bodies meeting among meetings and a lasting secretariat giving the fundamental meaningful and strategic help. * Simultaneously, the creating nations set up the Group of 77 to voice their interests. (Today, the G77 has 131 individuals.) * The unmistakable Argentinian financial specialist Raã ºl Prebisch, who had headed the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, turned into the organization’s first Secretary-General. Stage 1: The 1960s and 1970s * In its initial many years of activity, UNCTAD increased legitimate standing: * as an intergovernmental discussion for North-South discourse and dealings on issues important to creating nations, remembering banters for the â€Å"New International Economic Order†. * for its scientific research and strategy guidance on advancement issues. * Agreements propelled by UNCTAD during this time incorporate * | * * the Generalized System of Preferences (1968), whereby created economies award improved market access to sends out from creating nations. * various International Commodities Agreements, which planned for balancing out the costs of fare items significant for creating nations. * the Convention on a Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences, which fortified the capacity of creating nations to keep up national shipper armadas. * the appropriation of a Set of Multilaterally Agreed Equitable Principles and Rules for the Control of Restrictive Business Practices. This work later developed into what is today known as â€Å"Trade and Competition Policies†.

Exploring the aims of the Mercantile System Free Essays

string(44) characteristic stuffs from various settlements. Mercantilism is the boss financial framework, which is utilized inside the sixteenth to eighteenth hundreds of years. Its central end is to build the abundance of the state through authorizing administrative law refering the entirety of the business contributions in the state. It was contended that national quality can be augmented through limiting the aggregate of imports by means of obligations and raising the entirety of fares. We will compose a custom paper test on Investigating the points of the Mercantile System or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now It talks about that the financial quality of each state is connected essentially to the fix of positive exchange balance. It focuses on the idea of doing each state use trade methods more than import procedures as a way to remain in a monetary and political possible spot. Along these lines, positive exchange balance upon the mercantilist thought deduces as they say gold in the example of state ‘s exchequer ( Mark Blaug ) . The Scots monetary master Adam Smith ( 1723-1790 ) was the grown-up male who was liable for the term â€Å" commercial framework. † So, commercial framework was in an opposite side of Smith ‘s considerations of free undertaking, unhindered commerce, and the free move of individuals and products. One of the main averments of commercial framework is the national riches that will glance through the gradual addition and import of gold or some other valued metals, similar to Ag ( Paul Johnson ) . Bing a monetary framework, trade framework prompts do remote rivalry and disheartenment of direct outside contributing. This term supposesA that the abundance of any state will primarily rely upon the responsibility for metals as Ag and gold, however this framework can non be accomplished everlastingly, in light of the fact that the cosmopolitan monetary framework would be dead when all states needed to do sends out without imports. After aA truly short clasp, An a group of individuals began to move against the commercial framework thought and focused on the downright terrible interest of facilitated commerce. The continuous power per unit zone outcome was found in the execution of â€Å" free enterprise monetary sciences † in the nineteenth century ( Lars Magnusson ) . Mercantilism, being an authentic period, had been related with the expansion of a curious development of entrepreneur economy in Europe which alluded to it to be shipper industrialist economy. It was a way of thinking created by various financial creators in this period that require the ground-breaking confederation among the monarchial framework and merchandisers. Presents, the commercial framework term is utilized to see the protectionist exchange strategies when joined with other legislative approaches, straight or in a roundabout way in impossible to miss enterprises to get the local or national exchange advantage. Mercantilism has related with the haughty monetary strategies avoided by organized commerce and advocators that contend for negligible area mediation in the worldwide and household commercial center ( Henry William Spiegel ) . The commercial framework expressed various approaches of closed-minded exchange thought to get the abundance of the state. It very well may be accomplished through five fundamental components of trade framework, as demonstrated by David L. Ledges: The initial 1 is patriotism and strategy start along with all conceivable approach coordinated towards the energy. The second part is outside exchange that ought to ever be thought of in obvious radiation of its impacts on the territory ‘s load of having loved metals. The third one is missing household mines of gold or Ag ; the esteemed metals ought to be gathered by overabundance the fares over the imports. The forward segment is legislative exchange governments that should try to confine imports and offer support to sends out. The last segment is the monetary and political international strategy that ought to be facilitated all together for the achievement of these closures ( Mark Blaug ) . While the majority of them firmly connected with eighteenth century in Europe, the commercial framework term has been utilized so as to make reference to the glorification ‘s general guideline of region approval for the monetary advantage of the industrialist classification through directing and pull stringsing exchange. For outline, during the provincial occasions it appeared as military control on exchange ways and enormous obligations forced on imported products by and large and fabricated stocks in curious ( Lars Magnusson ) . The mercantilist designs ‘ standard, upon the jussive states of mind of pilgrim vanquishing and imperium, had been reflected in the eighteenth century develops of the total compensation ‘s starting and the trade nature. While being the finish of revenue driven element, the mercantilists figured out how to utilize this feeling to the entire state. This is in opposition to the conviction of the political direction of commercial center done by traditional financial specialists. This trade ought to be done on the aspect of reciprocals. Moreover, mercantilists accepted that the advertiser can infer by means of the loss of the buyer. Thusly, the state will go more extravagant when it sells or fares more than it purchases or imports. Gold or some other cash beginnings will be amassed to benefit the territory. The opinion identified with the abundance or net gain occurred in the inconsistent trade in exchange products was completely adapt to the mercantilist arrangement in instru cting the exchange footings ( Paul Johnson ) . Mercantilism had played an of import work yet non a predominant capacity in the section time frame from medieval framework to the modern entrepreneur economy. In any case, commercial framework profitted incredibly enormous merchandiser organizations to move place products through exchange ways kept up and secured by the state. Outside exchange was the essential plan to be accomplished for gold gradual addition on the grounds that the household exchange can non deliver a net gain or overabundance. Battling by this situation of the total compensations ‘ starting, merchandisers utilized fares as an important offices of geting abundance overall gains. The merchandisers, for example, altogether improved approach shapers, contended that using this arrangement would benefit in twist the entire territory Henry William Spiegel ) . These approaches so as to achieve these closures influencing territory appropriations of the fare ventures, high obligation was utilized to advance spot creation in the disallowance on the plated deal to outsiders, the sponsorship of fundamental businesses when essential, the command over specific sorts of capital, and the persevering gold import and the regular stuffs from various settlements. You read Investigating the points of the Mercantile System in classification Paper models the greater part of these strategies contained thorough control in exchange ways and the financial qualities adjustment in area money ( Steele G. R. ) . All through the mercantilist time frame, the merchandisers had controlled the exchanging framework, however non the creation of administrations and products. Prior to the beginning of mechanical industrialist economy, the creation was on the line of exchanges framework that epitomized extras of the extremely old medieval understanding. In add-on, the mechanical industrialist economy developed the merchandiser ‘s power. They would come to see them dominating or being engaged with the creation implies that would increase their total compensations through giving them the command over the work productiveness. Nonetheless, the merchandisers can non order the creation implies, as the essential concern lies on promoting and buying. The approaches of mercantilists energized the imports of regular stuffs that in twist can be produced to do various stocks. The completed products can be sold and sent out later in high fiscal incentive in contrasting and the first expense. Along these line s, it discovered its way to the exchequer of the state ( Mark Blaug ) . The establishment of the commercial framework began with the beginnings of the industrialist economy in sixteenth and seventeenth century in Europe. At this clasp France, Spain, and a portion of the Low Countries as Holland and Belgium were changed into monetary frameworks in trader ruled. In this way, the advanced territories were developing of being as a political supplement in the merchandiser financial framework. This framework showed that it was managed by the competitory work showcase. It prompted the development of another class of individuals that discovered them being liberated from medieval framework to the land to be only compelled to offer the work to ensure means. The developing was other than a class of creation and mechanical enterprisers selected from the intensifying merchandiser classification ( Lars Magnusson ) . The merchandiser class cleared the way of losing authority over the new financial framework to the powers of the industrialist rivalry when overall gains and money related worth were managed through the accumulation and creation of capital. When exchanging was vital for the developing of modern industrialist framework, the minutess were seen as a sharing out in the whole of selling money related an incentive among the purchasers and buyers, including the merchandiser. The develop of commercial idea, which exchange prompted the total compensations the entire framework, cleared the way to the notion of the traditional financial master that the creation and reinvestment of total compensation was the existent start of the abundance of states ( Paul Johnson ) . At the point when the general perceptual experience of the term of commercial framework being one of a truly long age throughout the entire existence of financial thought, the mercantilist scholars were concern and expert individuals that composed and made known about their thoughts in a long clasp before monetary sciences came to be a different scholastic subject. Numerous agent of the mercantilist Hagiographas were English and Gallic creators of the seventeenth century. These down to earth minds looked for the assurance, request, and stableness need for the extension of their exercises. This in curve will benefit the region. In return for the military assurance of the exchanging ways, they prevailing with regards to geting the monopolistic subsidisat

Tuk Tuk Library Brings Joy of Books to Jakartas Poorest Children Critical Linking, December 6, 2018

Tuk Tuk Library Brings Joy of Books to Jakartas Poorest Children Critical Linking, December 6, 2018 Sponsored by Book Riots 10 Best Nonfiction Books of 2018 Giveawayenter here! Sutino Kinong Hadi was not even 10 years old when he dropped out of school. Now in his late 50s, he has spent most of his working life driving a tuk tuk, known in Indonesia as a bemo. The three-wheeled vehicles were a popular mode of public transport until they were banned in  Indonesias capital, Jakarta, last year in an effort to reduce pollution. Kinongs bemo, however, is still on the road. The government gave him a special exemption from the ban, since his bemo no longer carries passengers but books. Most weekday mornings, he visits schools in some of Jakartas poorest neighbourhoods, providing disadvantaged children access to books. Your feel-good reading and viewing of the day.   ____________________ Given the deluge of movies, TV, and tweetstorms, it may be more important than ever for publications to help books accomplish these goals. But the best format for them to do so is likely no longer the traditional, single-book, literary review. To break through the noise, editors must translate old-fashioned book coverage to the lingua francas of today’s impossibly paced media climate: shareable lists, essays, digestible QAs, podcasts, scannable email newsletters, hashtags, Instagrams, even book trailers. “You can have a blog post that at least draws people’s attention to the book. Maybe they’ll read it, maybe they won’t. But at least the ideas from the book will filter through into the conversation,” Kachka says. “I think it’s important to get those ideas in, so books can have an influence beyond their readership, whatever it might be.” I mean.  We  know why people love reading about books and reading about them thoughtfully.   ____________________ Bill Gates’ book lists are an influential force in publishing, capable of  giving a title a sales bump. On Tuesday (Dec. 4), the Microsoft founder  shared his favorite books of 2018, which  he says is “pretty eclectic” and has “something for everyone.” True to form, Gates’ 2018 favorites are all nonfiction, and touch on subjects as varied as  autonomous weapons and mindfulness (he rarely picks up fiction).  Here are the five books, linked to his comments on each. Includes Educated, which has been on so many lists.   Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books.

How Do Mood Rings Work Thermochromic Crystals

The mood ring was invented by Joshua Reynolds. Mood rings enjoyed fad popularity in the 1970s and are still around today. The stone of the ring changes color, supposedly according to the mood or emotional state of the wearer. The stone of a mood ring is really a hollow quartz or glass shell containing thermotropic liquid crystals. Modern mood jewelry is usually made from a flat strip of liquid crystals with a protective coating. The crystals respond to changes in temperature by twisting. The twisting changes their molecular structure, which alters the wavelengths of light that are absorbed or reflected. Wavelengths of light is another way of saying color, so when the temperature of the liquid crystals  changes, so does their color. Do Mood Rings Work? Mood rings cant tell your emotional state with any degree of accuracy, but the crystals are calibrated to have a pleasing blue or green color at the average persons normal resting peripheral temperature of 82 F (28 C). As peripheral body temperature increases, which it does in response to passion and happiness, the crystals twist to reflect blue. When you are excited or stressed, blood flow is directed away from the skin and more toward the internal organs, cooling the fingers, causing the crystals to twist the other direction, to reflect more yellow. In cold weather, or if the ring was damaged, the stone would be dark gray or black and unresponsive. What the Mood Ring Colors Mean The top of the list is the warmest temperature, at violet, moving to the coolest temperature, at black. violet blue - happy, romanticblue - calm, relaxedgreen - average, not much going on with youyellow/amber - tense, excitedbrown/gray - nervous, anxiousblack - cold temperature or damaged ring

The, Born Or Not - 1525 Words

Thoroughbreds, Born to Fail? A swift swish of a tail, wild eyes showing white, a rider pushing forward with a whip into a metal cage. Guns sound as the clank of metal gates opening spook the horses into a frightened run. Thoroughbred horses go through this regimen every time they step onto the race track. Not to mention the other cruelties that these animals face, to ensure their success in crossing the finishing line. Controversy has trailed the animals who are pushed to their limits for the entertainment of humans, but has it gone too far? A Thoroughbred was not originally their own breed of horse, racing has its negativities, cruelty along with abuse have crept its way onto the racetrack, and there are organizations working to promote the wellbeing of Thoroughbred racehorses. Race horses were bred to have stamina as well as their renowned speed. Thoroughbreds did not exist until the first one was bred as written in an Opposing Viewpoints in Context article, â€Å"...knights returning to western Europe from the Crusades brought with them speedy Arabian stallions, which were bred with English mares to create the line now called Thoroughbred. Thoroughbreds are fast, graceful runners and are identified by their height and long, slim legs† (Meyer). These animals have been bred throughout the years to become fragile, nervous, and consequently jumpy. Spending 23 hours a day, 7 days a week, in a 12 by 10-foot box stall generates a miserable animal. These horses are not allowed to beShow MoreRelatedChildren Are Not Born?1220 Words   |  5 PagesChildren are not born knowing the difference between red and green, nice and mean, cold and hot, or any number of physical or emotional sensations. The natural world is the young child’s first curriculum and can be learned with direct interaction with others. There is no way a young child can learn the difference between being nice and mean, rough and smooth, hot and cold without touching or interacting with others. To better understand how a toddler interacts with others I went to my local day careRead MoreThe Are You Born?760 Words   |  4 Pages1.Where were you born? I was in the United States of America in Gary, Indiana. I was born in the United State of America in Gary, Indiana. My grandparents were born in United States of America in Gary Indiana. 2.What is your ethnic affiliation and how strong is your ethnic identity? My ethnic affiliation is African American. My ethnic identiy is very strong ethnicity and we as African American stays together. We have many outings in which we stick together such as family reunion, parties, and alwaysRead MoreThe Blame Game : Native Born And Foreign Born922 Words   |  4 PagesThe Blame Game: Native-Born and Foreign-Born Ever since the start of opportunity and a new life in America, thousands of people have migrated over. The number of illegal aliens has hit an all time high as much as twenty million people. Many of whom may already have family over here or plan to start a new life away from their old one. Immigrants started flooding in from Europe into the New World as early as the 1600s, but there was not much of a difference until the 1900s. The trickle of differentRead MoreBorn Into Blindness 966 Words   |  4 Pagesvictim of her own imaginative world of matchmaking and false happiness induced by Mr. Woodhouse, her father. This inducement is caused by his angst towards marriage and constant obsession of keeping his daughter close. 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(2000) entrepreneurs are people who have both the will (in other words, desire or motivation) and the skillRead MoreBorn First, Born Smarter Experiment Essay464 Words   |  2 PagesBorn First, Born Smarter Experiment The experiment that I read was Born First, Born Smarter. It was a study done by R. B. Zajonc and G. B. Markus in 1975. They planned to see why recent research had determined that the first-born child in a family related to certain characteristics. It was round that first-born children tend to be more verbally articulate, less impulsive, more active, better performers in school, more likely to go to college, and tend to have a greater need to achieve. Read MoreBorn Lucky or Born Trapped: Class and Equality in America 796 Words   |  3 PagesBorn Lucky or Born Trapped: Class and Equality in America Everyday in America, every citizen faces the burdens and restrictions of the class structure. 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Lbj’s Great Society Free Essays

Lyndon Baines Johnson moved quickly to establish himself in the office of the Presidency. Despite his conservative voting record in the Senate, Johnson soon reacquainted himself with his liberal roots. LBJ sponsored the largest reform agenda since Roosevelt’s New Deal. We will write a custom essay sample on Lbj’s Great Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now The aftershock of Kennedy’s assassination provided a climate for Johnson to complete the unfinished work of JFK’s New Frontier. He had eleven months before the election of 1964 to prove to American voters that he deserved a chance to be President in his own right. Two very important pieces of legislation were passed. First, the Civil Rights Bill that JFK promised to sign was passed into law. The Civil Rights Act banned discrimination based on race and gender in employment and ending segregation in all public facilities. Johnson also signed the omnibus Economic Opportunity Act of 1964. The law created the Office of Economic Opportunity aimed at attacking the roots of American poverty. A Job Corps was established to provide valuable vocational training. Head Start, a preschool program designed to help disadvantaged students arrive at kindergarten ready to learn was put into place. The Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) was set up as a domestic Peace Corps. Schools in impoverished American regions would now receive volunteer teaching attention. Federal funds were sent to struggling communities to attack unemployment and illiteracy. As he campaigned in 1964, Johnson declared a â€Å"war on poverty. † He challenged Americans to build a â€Å"Great Society† that eliminated the troubles of the poor. Johnson won a decisive victory over his archconservative Republican opponent Barry Goldwater of Arizona. American liberalism was at high tide under President Johnson. The Wilderness Protection Act saved 9. 1 million acres of forestland from industrial development. †¢The Elementary and Secondary Education Act provided major funding for American public schools. †¢The Voting Rights Act banned literacy tests and other discriminatory methods of denying suffrage to African Americans. †¢Medicare was created to offset the costs of health care for the nation’s elderly. †¢The National Endowment for the Arts and Humanities used public money to fund artists and galleries. †¢The Immigration Act ended discriminatory quotas based on ethnic origin. An Omnibus Housing Act provided funds to construct low-income housing. †¢Congress tightened pollution controls with stronger Air and Water Quality Acts. †¢Standards were raised for safety in consumer products. Johnson was an accomplished legislator and used his connections in Congress and forceful personality to pass his agenda. By 1966, Johnson was pleased with the progress he had made. But soon events in Southeast Asia began to overshadow his domestic achievements. Funds he had envisioned to fight his war on poverty were now diverted to the war in Vietnam. He found himself maligned by conservatives for his domestic policies and by liberals for his hawkish stance on Vietnam. By 1968, his hopes of leaving a legacy of domestic reform were in serious jeopardy The turbulent 1960s reached a boiling point in 1968. When the year began, President Johnson hoped to win the war in Vietnam and then cruise to a second term to finish building his Great Society. But events began to spiral out of his control. In February, the Tet Offensive in Vietnam brought a shift in American public opinion toward the war and low approval ratings for the President. Sensing vulnerability, Eugene McCarthy challenged Johnson for his own party’s nomination. When the Democratic primary votes were tallied in New Hampshire, McCarthy scored a remarkable 42 percent of the vote against an incumbent President. Johnson knew that in addition to fighting a bitter campaign against the Republicans he would have to fight to win support of the Democrats as well. His hopes darkened when Robert Kennedy entered the race in mid-March. On March 31, 1968, Johnson surprised the nation by announcing he would not seek a second term. His Vice-President Hubert Humphrey entered the election to carry out Johnson’s programs. The Great Society program became Johnson’s agenda for Congress in January 1965: aid to education, attack on disease, Medicare, urban renewal, beautification, conservation, development of depressed regions, a wide-scale fight against poverty, control and prevention of crime and delinquency, removal of obstacles to the right to vote. Congress, at times augmenting or amending, rapidly enacted Johnson’s recommendations. Millions of elderly people found succor through the 1965 Medicare amendment to the Social Security Act. Under Johnson, the country made spectacular explorations of space in a program he had championed since its start. When three astronauts successfully orbited the moon in December 1968, Johnson congratulated them: â€Å"You’ve taken †¦ all of us, all over the world, into a new era. . . . † Nevertheless, two overriding crises had been gaining momentum since 1965. Despite the beginning of new antipoverty and anti-discrimination programs, unrest and rioting in black ghettos troubled the Nation. President Johnson steadily exerted his influence against segregation and on behalf of law and order, but there was no early solution. The other crisis arose from Viet Nam. Despite Johnson’s efforts to end Communist aggression and achieve a settlement, fighting continued. Controversy over the war had become acute by the end of March 1968, when he limited the bombing of North Viet Nam in order to initiate negotiations. At the same time, he startled the world by withdrawing as a candidate for re-election so that he might devote his full efforts, unimpeded by politics, to the quest for peace. When he left office, peace talks were under way; he did not live to see them successful, but died suddenly of a heart attack at his Texas ranch on January 22, 1973. How to cite Lbj’s Great Society, Papers

Two Korean Soldiers-- One From Sariwan, North Korea, And One From Chon

Two Korean soldiers-- one from Sariwan, North Korea, and one from Chongju, South Korea-- stare intensely at one another, watching each and every move. They are in the DMZ, a 4 km wide band stretching across 250 km of deserted land, known as the demilitarized zone between the two Koreas. They each represent their part of Korea. The soldiers are in this uptight position because of the Korean War, which never officially ended with a peace treaty. As they watch one another, it is as if they are looking at a mirror image of themselves. Even though they are identical on the outside, they are far from similar on the inside. North Korea and South Korea, like the two soldiers, share some similar characteristics. First, they both have an extremely high literacy rate; North Korea has 95% and South Korea has 97% literate citizens. Education is free for students ages 5-16, and many take advantage of this academic offering. Second, what better food is there to be found in Korea than the fish than the fish that surround the peninsula. The North and the South have major commercial fishing businesses. In fact, did you know South Korea ranks third in the world's fishing industry? Another common food between the North and South is rice. It's the chief crop of the north and a wet- season crop in the south. Third, Korea has a homogenous society, which means the citizens in the North and South have a common ethnic background. Lastly, both sides share the Korean language. Approximately 110 million people living on the Korean peninsula speak this language, which originated in Neolithic times. Although you can see these few similarities, it is difficult to find many common links between the two parts of Korea. On the other hand, the differences are far more apparent. The first big difference between North and South Korea is their government. While North Korea is a hard- line Communist nation, the South is a democracy. The political power in the North rests with the leadership of the Korean Worker's Party. Governing democratically, the south's legislative power is vested in the popularly elected National Assembly, and executive power rests in a president elected to a single five-year term. Unfortunately, the citizens in North Korea live in poverty and starvation, while the South Korean citizens are wealthy and stuffed. For example, if North Korean citizens came in contact with South Korean citizens, they would be jealous of how fat they were! Controlled by their government, the North has little foreign involvement. Trading withother countries is nearly non-existent. They have practically cut themselves off from the outside world. Having a growing prosperity from foreign trade, South Korea is a key US ally. Exports from the South include many manuf actured and electronic goods. Lastly, resources and land formations have their differences between the North and South. The mountains, coal, metal, and hydroelectric power are rich in North Korea and the electricity is provided by a large hydroelectric source on the Yalu River. Unlike the North, South Korea has good agricultural land, yet it's much smaller. Their rice fields are growing rapidly and are among the best in the world. The differences in the resources and land are due to the political division at the 38th parallel. This brings us back to the DMZ, where the two soldiers continue constant eye contact. Although the North and the South share these similarities and differences, one can only help think of the possibility that the soldiers, from both Koreas , one day will be hand in hand as they defend Korea as a whole. But until that day comes, think of the fear and tension between North and South Korea and know it will continue to exist.

Abeng and No Telephone to Heaven Essay Example

Abeng and No Telephone to Heaven Essay Example Abeng and No Telephone to Heaven Paper Abeng and No Telephone to Heaven Paper In Michelle Cliffs novels, Abeng and No Telephone to Heaven, she writes about a society where your place is defined by your skin color. Race and identity are questions raised in her novels. Clare, the main protagonist, comes from a family being fairly white, in particular, herself and her father, that enjoys a quite favorable status in Jamaica. Elaine K. Ginsbergs text, Passing and the Fictions of Identity widens the definition and representation of passing to one that describes different categories of identity and gives a description of the anxiety that it provokes. The text is very useful as it gives a lot of information about race and how it is understood. As a result, it helps us to get the ambiguity behind Clares figure who belongs to two worlds and the origins of the political reason behind the preservation of identity categories and the way they have been constructed in the United States. The purpose of Ginsbergs text is to give a broader meaning and illustration of the term passing. The text talks about the problematic of accessing the privileges and how passing defies the stiff frame of identity politics. Ginsberg questions how people interpret, understand and create meaning on the way, others behave, speak or on their physical appearance. The fact that passing challenges the connection between the physical appearance and identity, it then, consequently, questions the real meaning of race. Identity issues in American culture can thus be better understood. Ginsberg identifies passing as an action violating and overstepping the limits of not only the law but also ethnicity. One of the key ideas in the text about passing is that it is about identities, the limits set up between the various categories of them and the anxiety as the result of going beyond those limits (p2). The introduction gives an overview of the term passing, and what it means, and Ginsberg explains how passing challenges essentialism; being something

Biography of 20th Century Pote, Edna St. Vincent Millay

Biography of 20th Century Pote, Edna St. Vincent Millay Edna St. Vincent Millay was a popular poet, known for her Bohemian (unconventional) lifestyle. She was also a playwright and actress. She lived from  February 22, 1892 to October 19, 1950.   She sometimes published as Nancy Boyd, E. Vincent Millay, or Edna St. Millay.  Her poetry, rather traditional in form but adventurous in content, reflected her life in dealing forthrightly with sex and independence in women. A nature mysticism pervades much of her work. Early Years Edna St. Vincent  Millay was born in 1892. Her mother, Cora Buzzelle Millay, was a nurse, and her father,  Henry Tolman Millay, a teacher. Millays parents divorced in 1900 when she was eight, reportedly because of her fathers gambling habits. She and her two younger sisters were raised by their mother in Maine, where she developed an interest in literature and began writing poetry. Early Poems and Education By the age of 14, she was publishing poetry in the childrens magazine, St. Nicholas, and read an original piece for her high school graduation from Camden High School in Camden, Maine. Three years after graduation, she followed her mothers advice and submitted a long poem to a contest. When the anthology of selected poems was published, her poem, Renascence, won critical praise. On the basis of this poem, she won a scholarship to Vassar, spending a semester at Barnard in preparation. She continued to write and publish poetry while in college, and also enjoyed the experience of living among so many intelligent, spirited, and independent young women. New York Soon after graduation from Vassar in 1917, she published her first volume of poetry, including Renascence. It was not particularly financially successful, though it won critical approval, and so she moved with one of her sisters to New York, hoping to become an actress. She moved to Greenwich Village, and soon became part of the literary and intellectual scene in the Village. She had many lovers, both female and male, while she struggled to make money with her writing. Publishing Success After 1920, she began to publish mostly in Vanity Fair, thanks to editor Edmund Wilson who later proposed marriage to Millay. Publishing in Vanity Fair meant more public notice and a bit more financial success. A play and a poetry prize were accompanied by illness, but in 1921, another Vanity Fair editor arranged to pay her regularly for writing she would send from a trip to Europe. In 1923, her poetry won the Pulitzer Prize, and she returned to New York, where she met and quickly married a wealthy Dutch businessman, Eugen Boissevant, who supported her writing and took care of her through many illnesses.   Boissevant had earlier been married to  Inez Milholland Boiisevan, dramatic woman suffrage proponent who died in 1917.   They had no children In following years, Edna St. Vincent Millay found that performances where she recited her poetry were sources of income. She also became more involved in social causes, including womens rights and defending Sacco and Vanzetti. Later Years: Social Concern and Ill Health In the 1930s, her poetry reflects her growing social concern and her grief over her mothers death. A car accident in 1936 and general ill health slowed her writing. The rise of Hitler disturbed her, and then the invasion of Holland by the Nazis cut off her husbands income. She also lost many close friends to death in the 1930s and 1940s. She had a nervous breakdown in 1944. After her husband died in 1949, she continued to write, but died herself the next year. A last volume of poetry was published posthumously. Key works: Renascence (1912)Renascence and Other Poems (1917)A Few Figs from Thistles (1920)Second April (1921)The Harp-Weaver and Other Poems (1923)The Kings Henchman (1927)The Buck in the Snow and Other Poems (1928)Fatal Interview (1931)Wine from These Grapes (1934)Conversation at Midnight (1937)Huntsman, What Quarry? (1939)Make Bright the Arrows (1940)The Murder of Lidice (1942)Mine the Harvest (published 1954) Selected Edna St. Vincent Millay Quotations Let us forget such words, and all they mean,as Hatred,  Bitterness  and Rancor,Greed, Intolerance, Bigotry.Let us renew our faith and pledge to Manhis right to be Himself,and free. Not Truth, but Faith it is that keeps the world alive. I shall die, but that is all that I shall do for Death; I am not on his pay-roll. I will not tell him the whereabouts of my friendsnor of my enemies either.Though he  promise  me much I will not map himthe route to any mans door.Am I a spy in the land of the livingThat I should deliver men to death?Brother, the password and the plans of our cityare safe with me.Never through me shall you be overcome.I shall die, but that is all I shall do for death. Into the  darkness  they go, the wise and the lovely. The soul can split the sky in two,And let the face of God shine through. God, I can push the grass apartAnd lay my finger on thy heart! Dont stand so near me!I  am become a socialist. I loveHumanity; but I hate people.(character Pierrot in  Aria da Capo, 1919) There is no God.But it does not matter.Man  is enough. My candle burns at both ends... It is not true that life is one damn thing after another. It’s one damn thing over and over. [John Ciardi about Edna St. Vincent Millay] It was not as a craftsman nor as an influence, but as the creator of her own legend that she was  most alive  for us. Her success was  as  a figure of passionate living. Selected Poems by Edna St. Vincent Millay Afternoon on a Hill I will be the gladdest thing  Under the sun!I will touch a hundred flowers  And not pick one. I will look at cliffs and clouds  With quiet eyes,Watch the wind bow down the grass,  And the grass rise. And when lights begin to show  Up from the town,I will mark which must be mine,  And then start down! Ashes of Life Love has gone and left me, and the days are all alike.Eat I must, and sleep I will - and would that night were here!But ah, to lie awake and hear the slow hours strike!Would that it were day again, with twilight near! Love has gone and left me, and I dont know what to do;This or that or what you will is all the same to me;But all the things that I begin I leave before Im through -Theres little use in anything as far as I can see. Love has gone and left me, and the neighbors knock and borrow,And life goes on forever like the gnawing of a mouse.And to-morrow and to-morrow and to-morrow and to-morrowTheres this little street and this little house. Gods World O world, I cannot hold thee close enough!  Ã‚   Thy winds, thy wide grey skies!  Ã‚   Thy mists that roll and rise!Thy woods this autumn day, that ache and sagAnd all but cry with colour!   That gaunt cragTo crush!   To lift the lean of that black bluff!World, World, I cannot get thee close enough! Long have I known a glory in it all,  Ã‚   But never knew I this;  Ã‚   Here such a passion isAs stretcheth me apart, Lord, I do fearThoust made the world too beautiful this year;My soul is all but out of me, let fallNo burning leaf; prithee, let no bird call. When the Year Grows Old I cannot but remember  When the year grows old October November   How she disliked the cold! She used to watch the swallows  Go down across the sky,And turn from the window  With a little sharp sigh. And often when the brown leaves  Were brittle on the ground,And the wind in the chimney  Made a melancholy sound, She had a look about her  That I wish I could forget The look of a scared thing  Sitting in a net! Oh, beautiful at nightfall  The soft spitting snow!And beautiful the bare boughs  Rubbing to and fro! But the roaring of the fire,  And the warmth of fur,And the boiling of the kettle  Were beautiful to her! I cannot but remember  When the year grows old October November   How she disliked the cold!

Financial Accounting Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Financial Accounting - Coursework Example It was also decided that the auditors would also have to follow the International Standards of Auditing (ISA), so that it would be easier to analyze the financial statements of the company on a global platform. The objective of this study is to discuss the improvement in the quality of information that users of financial statement get in IAS environment. Developing a strong accounting system is of significant importance because ability of the investors and the banks to calculate and assess the financial strengths and the performances of the companies depends on the transparent corporate accounting system. There should be mandatory consolidation of accounts along with the subsidiary accounts for ascertaining the true profitability. There was lack of segmented reporting of income, other disclosures, extent of deferred tax liabilities, etc. These were few reasons for which a common accounting standard was introduced. The Regulatory Framework for Financial Reporting All the companies in UK have to comply with the company laws regardless of its size. It was also important for companies to develop financial statements for the investors to analyze the financial position of the company. It is also the legal responsibility of the directors to see that the company is working in compliance to the accounting standards. According to the Companies Act of 1985, companies must represent a true and fair view of their accounting statements. In 1990s, the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) was set up for setting the accounting standards in UK. It was a solely independent body set up by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and the City institutions. In the year 2000, the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) reviewed the IAS. It was proposed that all the EU companies would have to prepare their accounts or financial statements by following the IAS standards. It was estimated that about 7000 companies in EU were accountable for using IAS, whereas there w ere only 275 companies who were using IAS till then. All the measures required were taken to establish IAS as a law in EU. This regulation was applicable for the detailed accounting provisions. It was on the member states to choose whether they wanted to permit their unlisted companies to follow the IAS standards. However the UK Accounting Standard Board (ASB) did take several initiatives to narrow down the gap between IAS and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). IAS is still being modified and it has become IASB in the process of converging IAS and GAAP. A survey was conducted by Pricewaterhouse Coopers in the year 2002 among 650 Chief Financial Officers (CFOs), all across the European Union to find the response of the companies towards the usage of IAS. It was found that 62 percent of the CFOs agreed to the fact that IAS would help in establishing an effective and transparent accounting system for them. 85 percent of the companies still did not use IAS, 92 percent of t he CFOs were confident of meeting their deadlines of 2005 and about 60 percent did not even begin their planning for transition. International Accounting Standards (IAS) The study aims at discussing the different aspects of IAS, in order to analyze the improved quality of

Business Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Business Project Management - Essay Example The researcher states that before initializing a project, project manager and team must be sure about the structure of the host firm because it influences their project and the operations they seek to perform. In addition, the culture of an organization is composed of certain attributes such as values, attitudes, viewpoints and behaviors of its staff members. In addition, it demonstrates the established principles and values of the organization, infusing all the activities which a corporation performs. In simple words, it can make a project a success or a failure. However, the perfect organizational culture is that in which projects are well thought-out in strategic management and are executed to promote and support a firm’s corporate strategy and corporate goals. As a result, top management pays more attention to them and assigns more and more organization’s resources to allow them to be successful. Here strategic management is the discipline of building, implementing, and assessing cross-functional decisions that facilitate a corporation to attain its goals. Moreover, each corporation has its own model organizational culture, operating systems and inside and outside resources to attain this. In addition, at the present it is necessary for the project managers to be familiar with the cultural, organizational and social environments adjacent the project. It could be done by recognizing the stakeholders and their capability to have an effect on the project. Thus, it could lead towards the likelihood of influencing project surroundings in an optimistic manner. Therefore, the any kind of risks could be considerably diminished; however failure to adopt such a way could unavoidably lead to a less than acceptable ending. In addition, the successful project managers would be familiar with the importance to put some effort in changing or improving the organizational culture for the benefit of the project stakeholders. In this scenario, it is the responsib ility of every team member of a project, undeniably every employee of the organization, needs to be influenced to express the attitude that, just as they are stakeholders, as well as every other project stakeholder is also vital (Wideman, 2001). Moreover, the organization's culture plays a significant role in success rate of projects. Take into account that this is about projects all throughout a corporation, not just about one specific project. In addition, the culture of a host organization plays possibly the major role in whether their organization is flourishing in running projects. On the other hand, if a supplier firm faces challenges running projects productively with the host firm, they cannot blame the project managers. In fact, they are struggling surrounded by a culture that is not in support of their struggle. Thus, it is essential for the project manager as well as the top management of the supplier firm to identify and assess the culture of the host organization. Until they are

The Peace of Westphalia, 1648

The Peace of Westphalia, 1648 In 1648, the Peace of Westphalia signalled the end of a decades old European conflict. It is difficult to decipher the true meaning of the Peace of Westphalia because it represented the end of a war which ended in a way which was different from where it began. Religious confrontation morphed into a struggle and opportunity to advance state strategic interests. However, Leo Gross, Andreas Osiander, and Derek Croxton each make varying arguments on the effects of the Peace of Westphalia. In The Peace of Westphalia, 1648-1948, Leo Gross contends that the Peace of Westphalia is significant because it consecrated the principle of toleration by establishing the equality between Protestant and Catholic states and by providing some safeguards for religious minorities.  [1]  Thus, he states the Peace of Westphalia was the starting point for the development of modern international law.  [2]  Essentially, no one country would have a right (divine or other) to have power over another, as each states was acknowledged as sovereign. However, although this would be nice in theory, history has shown that Europe bled itself dry because of conflicts in the centuries following the Peace of Westphalia. Gross states that the Peace of Westphalia marked mans abandonment of the idea of hierarchical structure of society and his opinion for a new system characterized by the coexistence of a multiplicity of states, each sovereign within its territory, equal to one another, and free fr om any external earthly authority.  [3]  This statement is fundamentally flawed, although perhaps in theory, each state was equal they were absolutely not equal. It would be foolish to treat all states following the Peace of Westphalia as equally sovereign. For example he German states gained the right to ally themselves with states outside of the Holy Roman Empire, but the Swiss and the Dutch gained de facto sovereignty. Gross strengthens his argument when he acknowledges precedents set by previous treaties; however his constant romanticization of the Peace of Westphalia harms his argument, as it seems he focuses on his nostalgic viewpoint of the Peace of Westphalia.  [4]  Because no formal declaration of sovereignty existed at the time of the Peace of Westphalia, the parties involved found it individually beneficial to advance their national strategic interests, by enhancing state power. For example, Frances cardinal Richelieu was a brilliant realist strategist. Even thoug h the Austria and Spain were Catholic powers, he believed that Frances national interest could be advanced by opposing these two powers. France even continued to fight Spain while seeking a separate peace with Austria. Moreover, Grosss argument contains a glaring post hoc ergo. Gross states that we should search not so much in the text of the treaties themselves as in their implications, in the broad conceptions on which they rest and the developments to which they provided impetus.  [5]  The fallacy is that Gross claims that because the Peace of Westphalia was before our modern conception of sovereignty, it does not necessarily follow that the Peace of Westphalia alone created our modern conception of sovereignty. There were many more factors at play. Grosss argument is too straightforward as it assumes that all actors following the war were fundamentally equal. In Sovereignty, International Relations, and the Westphalian Myth, Andreas Osiander contends that The Peace of Westphalia is a product of nineteenth and twentieth century fixation on the concept of sovereignty. I conclude by discussing how what I call the ideology of sovereignty has hampered the development of IR theory  [6]  According to Osiander the (Thirty Years) war continued because the Swedish and French crowns wanted to enhance their positions in Europe.  [7]  He comes to a conclusion that if the war war not fought to ward off a threat to the independence of other European actors posed by the Hasburg dynasty, then the tradition of the 1648 peace cannot be right either  [8]  Nineteenth and twentieth century historians readily espoused the view somehow that the Danes, Dutch, French, and Swedes were really defending themselves while also selflessly helping others to ward off oppression  [9]  He claims this is why the Peace of Westphalia is often seen as an anti-he gemonial order.  [10]  He directly accuses Leo Gross as spreading this false view. Osiander claims that many subsequent literature on this view, assume Grosss views to be self evident and implied in the treaty. Osiner strengthens his argument when he quotes another scholar who agree with him, Stephen Krassner. Osiander claims that history has viewed the Hasburgs as the villains of the Thirty Years War, and that the original crisis did not break out because the Hasburgs were powerful, but because they were weak.  [11]  Andreas Osiander views the Peace of Westphalia through the viewpoint of a postmodernist. He is challenging our previous knowledge of the Peace of Westphalia, and underlying assumptions held by previous scholars. He is purposely reversing traditional notions of historical interpretations such as the belief of the Hasburg dynasty as the villains of the Thirty Years War. Osiander is correct to warn there may be a harm of placing our values, our beliefs, onto histo rical events. Osianders argument is important as it forces us to re-examine commonly held beliefs about the Peace of Westphalia and its significance. Moreover he claims that Sovereignty as currently understood does not go back to the seventeenth century; that even then and nevertheless, relations among autonomous actors were perfectly possible without waiting for the concept to be invented; that the degree of autonomy of the actors might very.  [12]  He strengthens his argument when he acknowledges that the relationships between the actors involved in the Peace of Westphalia were very complex. In The Peace of Westphalia of 1648 and the Origins of Sovereignty, Derek Croxton doubts as whole, that sovereignty was a main principle of the Peace of Westphalia. Croxtons main argument is that de facto sovereign states existed at a time when few statesmen had anything like the modern conception of sovereign equality as the founding notion of the international system.  [13]  Croxton acknowledges that the main difficulty of the origins of sovereignty lies not in rulers which claims themselves to be sovereign but other leaders who acknowledge that sovereignty.  [14]  He accurately points out that papal authority was already in decline, the Peace of Westphalia just quickened the pace of the decline.  [15]  Croxton states that many scholars claim that sovereignty was dispersed to kings and princes in the Holy Roman Empire following its defeat in the Thirty Years war. However, he bluntly and correctly notes that the Holy Roman Empire lasted for another 158 years  [16]  an d that although the estates were given new rights, including the right to make alliances with outside powers and a territorial right of dominions, the rights demonstrate the limits to their sovereignty rather than its triumph superiority within their own.  [17]  Moreover, Croxton claims that The idea of sovereignty was not new in the 1640s; the question was whether sovereignty should be multipolar.  [18]  This view correctly challenges the assumption that the Peace of Westphalia was a groundbreaking event, even though it did make changes to the international system of politics. Throughout the readings, it is apparent that the relationship between the European states was very complicated, intricate, and included interrelationships based upon numerous factors. These factors could include a balance of religious, imperial, interstate and intrastate relationships. The Peace of Westphalia promoted the division of power, but ironically it also created a new balance of power among the European states. The The Peace of Westphalia promoted more moderation on behalf of all states, as whenever a power tried to dominate Europe (i.e. Napoleonic France or Hitlers Germany), there emerged a coalition of opposing forces to restore the balance of power. The balance of power did not avoid crisis, but it did create an equilibrium in which no one state had the ability to completely dominate the others.

Skills and Knowledge

Common core The rights of children and young people are acknowledge by the integrated services surrounding them and their families in order to identify and achieve a common core value; being healthy, staying safe, achieving and enjoying, making positive contribution, achieve economic wellbeing, which are the sis areas of every child matters. I will talk about these key areas more in depth as we continue.There are six key areas of every child matters and for a better understanding each areas and the importance it will looked at individually starting from numbers one [1] to six [6]. Here are the list as stated in the common core. 1. Effective communication and engagement 2. Child and young person development 3. Safeguarding and promoting the welfare of a child 4. Supporting transition 5. Multi-agency working 6. Sharing information Effective communication Good communication is central to working with children, young people, their families and carers† the importance for skills and knowledge as stated in the common core gives a clear view as to the reasons and why it is so important to fallow these guidelines; Trust is a key part of effective communication between the those that are involved, a honest and open relationship is better to build by showing respect to the families you are working with, this can be reached if those involved do not feel under value and ignored.Showing honesty and respect for them by demonstrating that there too are apart of what is taking place in there surroundings. Communication is a two (2) way street and be aware that there are numerous ways of communicating which verbal(this is done orally or written), non-verbal(done in the form of body language, appearances and sounds ). It is also important to take into consideration the barriers of communications such as; disabilities, language, culture and emotionsEach families may have different barriers of communication so knowing that they are involved with people that they are able to t rust and rely on with confidence will initially ease some of their concerns the significance of being seen as individuals with valued opinions is vital. Maintaining confidentiality and ethics means you may often be required to share information with other agencies/services it is necessary to the welfare or wellbeing of individual families involved also bearing in mind that it is best to ensure they understand the reasons for this.Family should be kept informed of available local services that might be beneficial to their needs and how to used information they are given. By treating everyone as individuals with respect shows commitment Child and young person development Children and young people development varies and is different for each of child/young person, parent and carer sometimes finds it difficult manage and will often seek advice and support. Your knowledge and understanding of babies and young people and how to recognise changes or possible developmental delay will be nec essary.Children and young people sees and experience the world differently after evaluating the situation surrounding the child/young person where you feel more support is needed and when to get others professional involved you will then need to base your information of the fact of the situation and not of your own opinion. A sheared understanding can be reached the if individuals actively speaking and listening and breaking down and barriers making sure everyone is understanding. Allowing them come to their own conclusion on the matter while

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The John Newbery Medal and Current and Past WInners

In the United States, the John Newbery Medal is the most prestigious childrens book award that an author can receive. The Newbery Medal is an annual children’s book award administered by the Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC of the American Library Association (ALA). According to the ALSC section of the ALA Web site, To be selected as the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children, the book must have been published the previous year in English by an American publisher in the United States. The John Newbery Medal, commonly referred to as the Newbery, has been awarded every year since 1922. It is named for John Newbery, an eighteenth-century British bookseller. To be eligible for a Newbery, either winning the Newbery Medal or having your book designated a Newbery Honor Book, the following terms must also be met: The author(s) must be either citizens or residents of the United States. Fiction, non-fiction, and poetry are all eligible, but reprints and compilations are not. The book must be written for children, with children defined as â€Å"persons of ages up to and including fourteen.† The book must be an original work. A book that was originally published in another country is not eligible. The 2016 Newbery Award Winners The 2016 Newbery award winners, the Medal winner, and three Honor Books  include a picture book, a graphic novel, a fairy tale with historical elements and historical fiction. Below is a brief look at the winners and reviews of the books. 2016 John Newbery Medal Winner Author Matt de la Peà ±a won the 2016 Newbery Medal for his picture book Last Stop on Market Street, which Christian Robinson illustrated. The publisher is G. P. Putnam’s Sons, an imprint of Penguin Group (USA). Matt de la Peà ±a is most well-known for his young adult novels, which include Mexican WhiteBoy, The Living, and The Hunted. He is also the author of the Infinity Ring middle-grade books and one other picture book A Nation’s Hope, The Story of Boxing Legend Joe Louis. 2016 Newbery Honor Books The War That Saved My Life,  by Kimberly Brubaker Bradley. While featuring a historical World War II setting, the characters are products of Bradleys imagination. Dial Books for Young Readers, an imprint of Penguin Group (USA) is the publisher. For more information, read the book review of The War that Saved my Life.Roller Girl,  written and illustrated by Victoria Jamieson.  Roller Girl is Victoria Jamieson’sfirst graphic novel for middle-grade readers, and she brings to it her own experiences with the sport of roller derby.  Dial Books for Young Readers, an imprint of Penguin Group (USA) is the publisher.  For more information, read the book review of .Echo, by Pam Muà ±oz Ryan. Scholastic Press, an imprint of Scholastic Inc. is the publisher. Ryan, the author of more than 40 books, has received numerous awards for her writing, including winning the Pura Belprà © Medal twice, for The Dreamer and Esperanza Rising.  For more information, read the book review of E cho. If you are looking for more good books geared towards the 9- to 14-year-old age range, be sure and take a look at the following features about children’s books that have received Newbery Medals or honors: John Newbery Medal Winners: 2015 to 1922The 2014 Newbery Medal Winner and Honor BooksThe 2013 Newbery Medal Winner and Honor BooksThe 2012 Newbery Medal Winner and Honor BooksThe 2011 Newbery Medal Winner and Honor BooksThe 2010 Newbery Medal Winner and Honor BooksThe 2009 Newbery Medal Winner and Honor Books. Source: ALSC/ALA